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實驗室洗瓶機,實驗室廢液處理,實驗室廢水處理,實驗室廢氣處理河南(nan)淳奧石化科技有限公司(si)
公司(si)地址:中(zhong)國(河南(nan))自由貿易試驗區洛陽片區高(gao)新區河洛路215號瑞澤(ze)大廈6W309室(shi)
聯系人:梁經理
手機:13837130876
聯系人:張總
手機:13613848772
產品名稱:河南丙酮(tong)批發
相關搜索:丙酮批(pi)發
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基本簡介:
丙酮(tong)(tong)(acetone),又名二甲基(ji)酮(tong)(tong),是一種有機物,分子式為C3H6O,為最簡(jian)單的(de)飽和酮(tong)(tong)。是一種無色透明液體(ti),有微香氣味。易(yi)溶于(yu)水和甲醇(chun)、乙醇(chun)、乙醚、氯仿、吡啶等有機溶劑。易(yi)燃(ran)、易(yi)揮發,化(hua)學性(xing)質(zhi)較活潑。丙酮(tong)(tong)的(de)工業生產(chan)以(yi)異(yi)丙苯法為主。
丙酮在工業(ye)上主要作(zuo)為溶劑(ji)用于炸藥(yao)、塑料、橡(xiang)膠(jiao)、纖維(wei)、制革、油脂、噴漆等(deng)行業(ye)中,也可作(zuo)為合成烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酮、醋酐、碘仿(fang)(fang)、聚異戊二烯(xi)(xi)(xi)橡(xiang)膠(jiao)、甲基丙烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酸(suan)甲酯、氯(lv)仿(fang)(fang)、環氧樹脂等(deng)物質(zhi)的(de)重要原料。也常常被不法分子做毒品(pin)的(de)原料溴代(dai)苯丙酮。
物理性質
外觀與性狀:無(wu)色透明易流動液體(ti),有微香氣味,極易揮發
熔點(℃):-94.9
沸(fei)點(℃): 56.53
相(xiang)對(dui)密度(水=1):0.7899
相(xiang)對(dui)蒸(zheng)氣密度(空氣=1):2.00
飽和蒸(zheng)氣壓(kPa):53.32(39.5℃)
燃燒(shao)熱(re)(kJ/mol):1788.7
臨界溫(wen)度(℃):235.5
臨界壓力(li)(MPa):4.72
辛醇(chun)/水分配系數(shu)的(de)對數(shu)值:-0.24
引燃溫度(℃):465爆炸下(xia)限%(V/V):2.5
爆炸上限(xian)%(V/V):12.8
溶解性:與水混溶,可混溶于乙醇、乙醚、氯仿、油類(lei)、烴(jing)類(lei)等多(duo)數有(you)機溶劑。
化學性質
丙(bing)酮(tong)(tong)是(shi)脂肪族(zu)酮(tong)(tong)類具(ju)(ju)有代表性的的化合(he)物,具(ju)(ju)有酮(tong)(tong)類的典型反應(ying)。例如(ru):與(yu)亞硫酸氫鈉形成無色結晶的加(jia)成物。與(yu)氰(qing)化氫反應(ying)生(sheng)成丙(bing)酮(tong)(tong)氰(qing)醇(chun)。在還原劑的作用(yong)下生(sheng)成異丙(bing)醇(chun)與(yu)頻哪(na)酮(tong)(tong)。丙(bing)酮(tong)(tong)對氧(yang)化劑比(bi)較穩(wen)定。在室溫下不(bu)會被硝酸氧(yang)化。用(yong)酸性高錳酸鉀強氧(yang)化劑做氧(yang)化劑時,生(sheng)成乙酸、二氧(yang)化碳和水。在堿存在下發(fa)生(sheng)雙分子縮合(he),生(sheng)成雙丙(bing)酮(tong)(tong)醇(chun)。
2mol丙(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)在各種酸(suan)性催化劑(鹽(yan)酸(suan),氯化鋅或(huo)硫酸(suan))存(cun)在下生成(cheng)亞異(yi)丙(bing)(bing)基(ji)丙(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong),再與1mol丙(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)加成(cheng),生成(cheng)佛(fo)爾酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(二亞異(yi)丙(bing)(bing)基(ji)丙(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong))。3mol丙(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)在濃硫酸(suan)作用下,脫3mol水(shui)生成(cheng)間(jian)三甲(jia)苯,在石灰(hui)。醇鈉或(huo)氨基(ji)鈉存(cun)在下,縮(suo)合生成(cheng)異(yi)佛(fo)爾酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(3,5,5-三甲(jia)基(ji)-2-環己烯-1-酮(tong)(tong)(tong))
在(zai)酸(suan)(suan)或堿存(cun)在(zai)下,與(yu)(yu)醛或酮(tong)(tong)(tong)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)縮合反應,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)醇、不(bu)(bu)飽和(he)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)及(ji)樹(shu)脂狀物質。與(yu)(yu)苯酚在(zai)酸(suan)(suan)性條件下,縮合成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雙酚A。丙酮(tong)(tong)(tong)的α-氫(qing)(qing)原子容易被鹵(lu)(lu)素(su)取代,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)α-鹵(lu)(lu)代丙酮(tong)(tong)(tong)。與(yu)(yu)次鹵(lu)(lu)酸(suan)(suan)鈉(na)或鹵(lu)(lu)素(su)的堿溶液作用生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鹵(lu)(lu)仿。丙酮(tong)(tong)(tong)與(yu)(yu)Grignard試(shi)劑(ji)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)加(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)反應,加(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)產(chan)物水(shui)解得到(dao)叔(shu)醇。丙酮(tong)(tong)(tong)與(yu)(yu)氨(an)及(ji)其衍(yan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物如(ru)羥(qian)氨(an)、肼、苯肼等也能發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)縮合反應。此外,丙酮(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)500~1000℃時(shi)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)裂解,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)乙(yi)烯酮(tong)(tong)(tong)。在(zai)170~260℃通過硅-鋁催(cui)化劑(ji),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)異(yi)丁烯和(he)乙(yi)醛;300~350℃時(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)異(yi)丁烯和(he)乙(yi)酸(suan)(suan)等。不(bu)(bu)能被銀(yin)氨(an)溶液,新(xin)制氫(qing)(qing)氧化銅等弱氧化劑(ji)氧化,但可催(cui)化加(jia)氫(qing)(qing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)醇。
工業用途
丙酮是重(zhong)要(yao)的有機合成原料(liao),用于(yu)生產環氧樹(shu)脂, 聚(ju)碳酸酯,有機玻(bo)璃,醫藥,農(nong)藥等(deng)。亦是良好溶劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),用于(yu)涂(tu)料(liao)、黏結劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、鋼瓶乙(yi)炔等(deng)。也用作稀釋(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),清洗劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),萃取劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。還是制造醋酐、雙丙酮醇、氯仿、碘仿、環氧樹(shu)脂、聚(ju)異戊二烯橡膠、甲基丙烯酸甲酯等(deng)的重(zhong)要(yao)原料(liao)。在(zai)無煙火(huo)藥、賽璐珞(luo)、醋酸纖(xian)維、噴漆等(deng)工(gong)業中用作溶劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。在(zai)油脂等(deng)工(gong)業中用作提取劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。
用于(yu)制取有機(ji)玻璃(li)單(dan)體、雙酚A、二丙酮(tong)(tong)醇(chun)、己二醇(chun)、甲(jia)基(ji)異丁(ding)基(ji)酮(tong)(tong)、甲(jia)基(ji)異丁(ding)基(ji)甲(jia)醇(chun)、佛爾酮(tong)(tong)、異佛爾酮(tong)(tong)、氯(lv)仿(fang)、碘仿(fang)等重要有機(ji)化工原料(liao)。在(zai)涂(tu)料(liao)、醋酸(suan)纖維紡(fang)絲過(guo)程、鋼瓶貯(zhu)存乙炔、煉油工業脫(tuo)蠟等方面(mian)用作優良的溶劑。
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